Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Attitude Determination Strategies: A Review

Authors

  • David Oppong Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology
  • Joshua Ampofo Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology
  • Eunice Akyereko Adjei Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology
  • Anthony Agyei-Agyemang Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology
  • Kwasi Kete Bofah Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology
  • Mary Korkor Teye Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology
  • Victoria Acheamfour
  • God'sable Aidam Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology

Keywords:

Unmanned aerial vehicle, attitude estimation, Euler angles, quaternion, Kalman filter

Abstract

The attitude of an unmanned aerial vehicle is a very important flight parameter that needs to be known at every time during its flight. Throughout the ages, as technology has evolved, different approaches have been applied to determine this quantity. These approaches have often made use of an angular velocity source, linear acceleration information or magnetic field measurements. In this study, we present a review of these techniques, covering single- and multi-sensor approaches, deterministic and optimal strategies, as well as filter-based approaches. In the end, a method for deriving the attitude as is carried out in the present is suggested.

References

P. G. Fahlstrom and T. J. Gleason, Introduction to UAV Systems, 4th ed., Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2012.

B. Terwilliger, D. Ison, J. Robbins and D. Vincenzi, Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems Guide: Exploring Designs, Operations, Regulations, and Economics, Newcastle: Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc., 2017.

M. M. Carrasco and A. L. da Silva, "Attitude determination for low cost imu and processor board using the methods of triad, kalman filter and allan variance," Revista Brasileira de Iniciação Científica, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 26-41, 2016.

B. L. Stevens, F. L. Lewis and E. N. Johnson, Aircraft Control and Simulation: Dynamics, Controls Design and Autonomous Systems, Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. , 2016.

P. D. Groves, Principles of GNSS, Inertial, and Multisensor Integrated Navigation Systems, Second ed., Boston: Artech House, 2013.

P. T. Kabamba and A. R. Girard, Fundamentals of aerospace navigation and guidance, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2014.

A. R. Schuler, A. Grammatikos and K. A. Fegley, "Measuring rotational motion with linear accelerometers," Baltimore, 1967.

L. Larsson, Design of spacecraft attitude determination system using MEMS sensors, Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2016.

C. E. Cohen, Attitude determination using GPS: Development of an all solid-state guidance, navigation, and control sensor for air and space vehicles based on the global positioning system, Stanford: Stanford University, 1992.

Z. Dai, On GPS based attitude determination, Siegen: University of Siegen, 2013.

Q. P. Chu and P. T. L. M. Van Woerkom, "GPS for low-cost attitude determination: A review of concepts, in-flight experiences, and current developments," Acta Astronautica, vol. 41, no. 4-10, pp. 421--433, 1997.

F. L. Markley, "Statistical attitude determination," Encyclopedia of Aerospace Engineering, 2010.

F. L. Markley and J. L. Crassidis, Fundamentals of spacecraft attitude determination and control, New York: Springer, 2014.

G. M. Lerner, "Three-axis attitude determination," in Spacecraft attitude determination and control, J. R. Wertz, Ed., Dordrecht, Kluwer academic publishers, 1978, pp. 420-428.

G. A. Natanson, S. F. McLaughlin and R. C. Nicklas, "A method of determining attitude from magnetometer data only," in Flight Mechanics/Estimation Theory Symposium, 1990, pp. 359-378.

J. D. Searcy, "Magnetometer-only attitude determination with application to the M-SAT mission," Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2011.

M. D. Shuster and S. D. Oh, "Three-axis attitude determination from vector observations," Journal of guidance and Control, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 70-77, 1981.

Y. Li, A. Dempster, B. Li, J. Wang and C. Rizos, "A low-cost attitude heading reference system by combination of GPS and magnetometers and MEMS inertial sensors for mobile applications," Journal of Global Positioning Systems, vol. 1, no. 10, 2006.

R. de Celis and L. Cadarso, "Attitude determination algorithms through accelerometers, GNSS sensors, and gravity vector estimator," International Journal of Aerospace Engineering, pp. 1-14, 2018.

C. Ellum and N. El-Sheimy, "Kinematic Attitude Determination from GPS Derived Accelerations and a Tri-Axial Acceleromter," 2001.

J. Wu, C. Zhang and Z. Zhou, "MAV quaternion attitude determination for accelerometer-magnetometer combination: Internal analysis," tm-Technisches Messen, vol. 87, no. 10, pp. 647-657, 2020.

X. Yun, E. R. Bachmann and R. B. McGhee, "A simplified quaternion-based algorithm for orientation estimation from earth gravity and magnetic field measurements," IEEE Transactions on instrumentation and measurement, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 638-650, 2008.

G. Wahba, "A least squares estimate of satellite attitude," SIAM Review, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 384-386, 1966.

J. L. Farrell, J. C. Stuelpnagel, R. H. Wessner, J. R. Velman and J. E. Brock, "Solutions to problem 65-1," SIAM Review, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 384-386, 1966.

P. B. Davenport, A vector approach to the algebra of rotations with applications, Washington, D. C.: NASA, 1968.

J. E. Keat, Analysis of least-squares attitude determination routine DOAOP, Greenbelt: NASA, 1977.

M. D. Shuster, Approximate algorithms for fast optimal attitude computation, Guidance and control conference, 1978.

Z. Liu, W. Liu, X. Gong and J. Wu, "Simplified attitude determination algorithm using accelerometer and magnetometer with extremely low execution time," Journal of Sensors, pp. 1-11, 2018.

J. Wu , Z. Zhou, B. Gao , R. Li , Y. Cheng and H. Fourati, "Fast linear quaternion attitude estimator using vector observations," IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 307-319, 2017.

J. Wu, Z. Zhou, H. Fourati and Y. Cheng, "A super fast attitude determination algorithm for consumer-level accelerometer and magnetometer," IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol. 64, no. 3, pp. 375-381, 2018a.

J. Wu, T. Wang, Z. Zhou, H. Yin and R. Li, "Analytic accelerometer-magnetometer attitude determination without reference information," International Journal of Micro Air Vehicles, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 318-329, 2018.

D. Mortari, "ESOQ: A closed-form solution to the Wahba problem," The Journal of the Astronautical Sciences, vol. 45, pp. 195-204, 1997.

R. E. Kalman, "A New Approach to Linear Filtering and Prediction Problems," Transactions of the ASME - Journal of Basic Engineering, vol. 82, no. Series D, pp. 35-45, 1960.

S. Theil, P. Appel and A. Schleicher, "Low cost, good accuracy-attitude determination using magnetometer and simple sun sensor," 2003.

T. E. Humphreys and R. Fullmer, Attitude determination for small satellites using magnetometer and solar panel data, 2002.

A. Wondosen, J.-S. Jeong, S.-K. Kim, Y. Debele and B.-S. Kang, "Improved attitude and heading accuracy with double quaternion parameters estimation and magnetic disturbance rejection," Sensors, vol. 21, no. 16, p. 5475, 2021.

P. Patonis, P. Patias, I. N. Tziavos, D. Rossikopoulos and K. G. Margaritis, "A fusion method for combining low-cost IMU/magnetometer outputs for use in applications on mobile devices," Sensors, vol. 18, no. 8, p. 2616, 2018.

J. K. Lee, E. J. Park and S. N. Robinovitch, "Estimation of Attitude and External Acceleration Using Inertial Sensor Measurement During Various Dynamic Conditions," in IEEE Transactions on instrumentation and measurement, 2012.

Y. Wang, N. Li, X. Chen and M. Liu, "Design and implementation of an AHRS based on MEMS sensors and complementary filtering," Advances in Mechanical Engineering, vol. 6, 2014.

M. Euston, P. Coote, R. Mahony, J. Kim and T. Hamel, "A complementary filter for attitude estimation of a fixed-wing UAV," 2008 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, pp. 340-345, 2008.

R. G. Valenti, I. Dryanovski and J. Xiao, "Keeping a good attitude: A quaternion-based orientation filter for IMUs and MARGs," Sensors, vol. 15, no. 8, pp. 19302-19330, 2015.

H. Ahmed and M. Tahir, "Accurate attitude estimation of a moving land vehicle using low-cost MEMS IMU sensors," IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 18, no. 7, pp. 1723-1739, 2016.

C. W. Kang and C. G. Park, "Attitude estimation with accelerometers and gyros using fuzzy tuned Kalman filter," 2009.

D. Du, L. Liu and X. Du, "A low-cost attitude estimation system for UAV application," in 2010 Chinese Control and Decision Conference, 2010.

P. Bauer and J. Bokor, "Development and hardware-in-the-loop testing of an Extended Kalman Filter for attitude estimation," in 2010 11th International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Informatics (CINTI), 2010.

S. Sabatelli, F. Sechi, L. Fanucci and A. Rocchi, "A sensor fusion algorithm for an integrated angular position estimation with inertial measurement units," in 2011 Design, Automation & Test in Europe, 2011.

A. M. Sabatini, "Quaternion-Based Extended Kalman Filter for Determining Orientation by Inertial and Magnetic Sensing," in IEEE Transactions on biomedical engineering, 2006.

M. A. Al-Alaoui, "Novel digital integrator and differentiator," Electronics letters, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 376-378, 1993.

A. W. Chulliat, P. Brown, C. Alken, M. Beggan, G. Nair, A. Cox, S. Woods, B. Macmillan, Meyer and M. Paniccia, "The US/UK World Magnetic Model for 2020¬-2025," NOAA, 2020.

R. G. Brown and P. Y. C. Hwang, Introduction to Random Signals and Applied Kalman filtering: with MATLAB exercises, 4th ed., Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012.

F. Ferraris, U. Grimaldi and M. Parvis, "Procedure for effortless in-field calibration of three-axis rate gyros and accelerometers," Sensors and Materials, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 311-330, 1995.

D. Laidig, M. Caruso, A. Cereatti and T. Seel, "BROAD—A benchmark for robust inertial orientation estimation," Data, vol. 6, no. 7, 2021.

Downloads

Published

2024-12-30

How to Cite

Oppong, D., Ampofo, J., Adjei, E. A., Agyei-Agyemang, A., Bofah, K. K., Teye, M. K., Acheamfour, V. S.-B., & Aidam, G. S. K. (2024). Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Attitude Determination Strategies: A Review. Journal of Advanced Mechanical Sciences, 3(1), 13–21. Retrieved from http://research.jamsjournal.com/index.php/jamsjournal/article/view/59

Issue

Section

Review Article